That can not be possible, either that numbers are saved in your SIM card or in device storage. Check your contact list settings.

For example, if I type certain numbers (or even a day, month, and year in dd/yy/mm format), including numbers with three decimal numbers after the decimal point, my Samsung Galaxy S4 and Nokia Lumia 635 detects them as phone numbers, even though they're not, and it's so annoying! My Nokia Lumia detects the numbers as "unknown contacts" and my S4 brings up the options to choose which app to use to call the number that's not actually a phone number every time I open a memo with a mistakenly detected non-phone number!

I dont understand your problem, can you elaborate properly so that i can help you for your problem.

I have a Samsung Galaxy S4 and a Nokia Lumia 635; both of them lists certain number combinations as phone numbers even though they aren't, and it's really annoying. Is there any way to disable phone number linking on either phone?